Are you preparing for your Tribhuvan University (TU) BICTE 2nd Semester exams? Digital Logic (ICT.Ed.425) is a core subject that lays the foundation for computer architecture, but the objective questions (Group A) can sometimes be challenging.
Below, we have compiled and solved the 10 Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) from the recent 2082 (New/Old Course) examination paper. Reviewing these answers will help you understand the concepts of Boolean algebra, logic gates, and sequential circuits.
Group “A”: Attempt All Questions
1. How does Gray code differ from binary code?
- a) It has an odd number of bits
- b) Only one bit changes between consecutive values
- c) It uses decimal values
- d) It is not a positional code
Correct Answer: b. Only one bit changes between consecutive values
Explanation: Gray code is also known as a unit-distance code because only one bit changes state as we move from one decimal number to the next.
2. A min term in Boolean algebra corresponds to which type of expression in a truth table?
- a) An input combination with output 0
- b) An input combination with output 1
- c) Both 0 and 1 output
- d) None of the above
Correct Answer: b. An input combination with output 1
Explanation: A minterm is a product term that results in a logic high (1) for exactly one combination of input variables.
3. What is the output of a half-subtractor if both inputs are 1?
- a) Difference = 0, Borrow = 1
- b) Difference = 1, Borrow = 0
- c) Difference = 0, Borrow = 0
- d) Difference = 1, Borrow = 1
Correct Answer: c. Difference = 0, Borrow = 0
Explanation: In binary subtraction, 1 – 1 = 0. Therefore, the Difference is 0 and we do not need to borrow anything (Borrow = 0).
4. Which of the following can be used to convert binary code to Gray code?
- a) Multiplexer
- b) Encoder
- c) Code Converter Circuit
- d) Full Adder
Correct Answer: c. Code Converter Circuit
Explanation: While specific gates (like XOR) are used, the general functional block used to change one code format to another is called a Code Converter Circuit.
5. What does the characteristic table of a T Flip-Flop indicate when T=1?
- a) It will reset
- b) It will toggle
- c) It will hold its state
- d) It will set
Correct Answer: b. It will toggle
Explanation: The ‘T’ stands for Toggle. When the input is High (1), the output changes (toggles) to the opposite of its current state upon the clock edge.
6. When designing counters, what does the term “cascading” refer to?
- a) Connecting counters in a series to increase count capacity
- b) Using multiple clocks for a single counter
- c) Isolating each counter from others
- d) Combining inputs to one output
Correct Answer: a. Connecting counters in a series to increase count capacity
Explanation: Cascading allows you to count higher numbers (modulus) by feeding the output of one counter into the input of the next.
7. Which of the following best describes the operation of a SIPO register?
- a) All bits are shifted out at once
- b) Data is entered one bit at a time and read out in parallel
- c) Data is entered and read out serially
- d) It does not perform shifting
Correct Answer: b. Data is entered one bit at a time and read out in parallel
Explanation: SIPO stands for Serial-In, Parallel-Out.
8. What does the term “higher modulus” refer to in the context of asynchronous counters?
- a) The ability to operate faster than standard counters
- b) The maximum count before resetting the counter
- c) The number of flip-flops used in the design
- d) The power consumption of the counter
Correct Answer: b. The maximum count before resetting the counter
Explanation: The modulus (MOD) represents the number of unique states a counter goes through. A higher modulus means a higher maximum count capability.
9. Which of the following statements is true regarding IC operating characteristics?
- a) All ICs have the same voltage range.
- b) ICs can operate at any frequency without limitations.
- c) ICs do not have any specifications regarding power consumption.
- d) Operating characteristics include temperature ranges and current ratings.
Correct Answer: d. Operating characteristics include temperature ranges and current ratings.
Explanation: Every IC has a datasheet specifying valid temperature ranges (e.g., 0 to 70°C for commercial) and current limitations to prevent damage.
10. Which of the following Boolean rules is incorrect?
- a. A + A = A
- b. A + A’ = 0
- c. A + A’B = A + B
- d. (A + B)(B + C) = B + AC
Correct Answer: b. A + A’ = 0
Explanation: This is the Inverse Law (OR). A variable OR’d with its complement always equals 1, not 0. Therefore, the correct rule is A + A’ = 1.
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